The parties set to benefit most from the political crisis include the far-right League and centre-right Forza Italia and both snubbed Mr Draghi in Wednesday night's crunch vote.
However, it is the far-right Brothers of Italy (FdI) party that is topping the opinion polls, and leader Giorgia Meloni is viewed as a possible prime minister. She was not part of the unity government and has repeatedly called for snap elections over the past week.
"I have my own ideas on how this nation should be governed, what should be done, what its industrial strategy should be," she said.
Italy's political turmoil has also divided leading figures in some of the parties. Two ministers from Forza Italia, Renato Brunetta and Mariastella Gelmini, have quit the party in protest at the decision to snub Mr Draghi.
The populist Five Star movement which triggered the crisis last week also saw a defection. Soave Alemanno said she no longer recognised her party and the instability now facing Italy jeopardised EU funding and abandoned reforms.
